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Carangiformes (Jacks) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Naucratinae
Etymology: Naucrates: Greek, naykrates, -es, -es = supremacy in the sea (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 300 m (Ref. 86942). Subtropical; 61°N - 43°S, 180°W - 180°E
Circumtropical in tropical seas. Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia, Canada to Argentina (Ref. 7251). Eastern Atlantic: British Isles (rare vagrant), Norway and Bay of Biscay to Namibia, including the Mediterranean and Canary Islands. Eastern Pacific: Vancouver Island (British Columbia, Canada) to the Galapagos Islands (Ref. 2850) and Chile (Ref. 115205). Common throughout the Indian Ocean (Ref. 3197).
Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5288); common length : 40.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 9626)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 5 - 6; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 25 - 29; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 15 - 17. Body elongate, slender, and not strongly compressed; posterior end of upper jaw located at anterior rim of eye; dorsal fin with 4 or 5 spines followed by another spine and 25 to 29 soft rays (IV-V+I 25-29); lateral line without scutes; caudal peduncle with well developed fleshy keels and with dorsal and ventral peduncular fossae (Ref. 55763). Body dark to pale bluish, with 6-7 broad, dark bars; white tips on caudal lobes and on second dorsal and anal lobes (Ref. 3197).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Oceanic species with a semi-obligate commensal relationship with sharks, rays, other bony fishes and turtles (Ref. 5217). Young are usually associated with jellyfish and drifting seaweed (Ref. 2850, 9563). Feed on scraps of host's left over, parasites and excrement; also on small fishes and invertebrates (Ref. 5288). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233). Marketed fresh and salted or dried (Ref. 9283). Captured at the surface using hand nets (Ref. 26165).
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., J.-C. Quéro and M. Desoutter, 1990. Carangidae. p. 729-755. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7097)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil; Ikan buruan: ya; Akuarium: Akuarium publik
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Suhu yang disukai (Acuan
123201): 7.9 - 28.1, mean 20.9 °C (based on 3025 cells).
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.00656 - 0.03042), b=2.93 (2.74 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan
69278): 3.4 ±0.43 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (K=2.15-6.8.;).
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
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Nutrisi (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 53.5 [24.2, 150.1] mg/100g; Iron = 1.83 [0.82, 3.87] mg/100g; Protein = 20.4 [18.9, 21.9] %; Omega3 = 0.235 [0.085, 0.623] g/100g; Selenium = 61.3 [21.5, 188.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.63 [1.58, 39.34] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.869 [0.481, 1.541] mg/100g (wet weight);
