Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina; brackvatten revassocierade; djupintervall 1 - 30 m (Ref. 48636). Tropical; 27°N - 30°S, 100°E - 155°E (Ref. 5222)
Western Pacific: Thailand, Hong Kong, and Taiwan to Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland and New South Wales) and eastward to the Solomon and Mariana Islands, including Indonesia, Singapore, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, and Palau. Adults often misidentified as Epinephelus macrospilos.
Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm ?, range 29 - ? cm
Max length : 49.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5222)
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 11; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 15 - 17; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 3; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 8. This species is distinguished by the following characters: greatest depth of body 2.9-3.2 in SL; ctenoid scales on body except cycloid scales anterodorsally and ventrally; body with auxiliary scales; gill rakers 8-10 + 14-17; pectoral-fin length 1.5-1.7 times in head length; rounded caudal fin; short pelvic fins, 1.8-2.3 in head length. Colour pale grey (sometimes with diffused white blotches) with small, widely spread black spots smaller than pupil on head, body and fins; 3 dusky to blackish blotches on body at base of rear half of dorsal fin, the largest at base of last 2-3 spines; dusky to blackish saddle spot on caudal peduncle; juveniles with black-edged white spots on head and body (Ref. 39231, 90102).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Common in shallow silty coastal reefs, sometimes in estuarine areas. The ovary was well developed in an examined fish of 30 cm SL. Solitary or in small groups (Ref 90102).
Livscykel och parningsbeteende
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Hot mot människor
Harmless
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: husbehovsfiske
Verktyg
Särskilda rapporter
Ladda ner XML
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Önskad temperatur (Ref.
123201): 25.5 - 29.2, mean 28.6 °C (based on 1883 cells).
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00555 - 0.02374), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
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Näringsämnen (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 30 [13, 62] mg/100g; Iron = 0.479 [0.257, 0.996] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [17.2, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.125 [0.077, 0.201] g/100g; Selenium = 28 [16, 51] μg/100g; VitaminA = 189 [47, 785] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.58 [1.05, 2.21] mg/100g (wet weight);
