分类 / 名称
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Harengula: Old English haring, hering = mackerel, the fish Clupea harengus (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188). 亞熱帶的; 31°N - 7°S, 99°W - 47°W (Ref. 188)
Western Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico and southeastern Florida to northern Brazil, including the Bahamas, the entire Caribbean and the West Indies.
西大西洋: 墨西哥灣與佛羅里達東南方到巴西北部, 包括巴哈馬，整個的加勒比海與西印度群島。
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ?, range 7 - ? cm
Max length : 31.3 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 137577); common length : 10.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 188); 最大体重: 109.00 g (Ref. 126891)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 15 - 21; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 12 - 23. Tooth-plate on tongue and tooth plate behind it (basihyal and basibranchials tooth plates) broad, their width about 3 to 5 times in their combined length, the basibranchial tooth plate with a distinct bulge in front. Scales fairly strongly attached, not easily lost. No dark pigment on dorsal fin tip (Ref. 188). Silvery, with a dark greenish back. Diffuse yellow or pale orange spot at edge of opercle. Body slender, lower profile not strongly curved (Ref. 7251).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
在它 (基舌骨与基鳃骨齿板) 后面的舌与齿碟上的齿碟宽的, 他们的宽度大约 3 到 5 倍他们的组合长度, 基鳃骨齿碟在前面中具有一个明显的凸起。 鳞片相当强烈地附上了, 不是容易失去。 没有深色的在背鳍顶端上.(参考文献 188) 银色的, 具有一个黑的呈绿色的背面。 在鳃盖的边缘的扩散黄色或淡橘色斑点。 身体细长又低的轮廓不强烈的弯曲.(参考文献 7251)
Occurs in coastal waters, estuaries and lagoons, tolerating low salinities. Can tolerate a broad range of salinity levels (Ref. 26938). Forms schools, small individuals often along sandy beaches. Its flesh has an unpleasant odor. Utilized as fishmeal (Ref. 5217).
出现于被容忍低的盐度的沿岸水域，河口与泻湖。 能容忍盐度的大范围。 (参考文献 26938) 形成鱼群, 小的个体时常沿着沙滩。 它的肉有不愉快的气味。 用来作鱼粉了。 (参考文献 5217)
生命周期和交配行为
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 墨西哥灣與佛羅里達東南方到巴西北部, 包括巴哈馬，整個的加勒比海與西印度群島。
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 诱饵: usually
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特别资料
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基于模型的估算
首选温度 (参考文献
123201): 24.3 - 28, mean 26.8 °C (based on 230 cells).
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00760 - 0.00953), b=3.07 (3.04 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 3.3 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
渔业脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
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营养素 (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 64.6 [30.1, 127.7] mg/100g; Iron = 1.01 [0.50, 1.87] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [18.8, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.39 [0.21, 0.71] g/100g; Selenium = 14.5 [6.7, 31.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 65.7 [20.2, 208.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.1 [0.7, 1.8] mg/100g (wet weight);
