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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Harengula: Old English haring, hering = mackerel, the fish Clupea harengus (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
محیط زیست: محیط زیست / منطقه آب و هوایی / تغييرات عمق / محدوده توزیع
بوم شناسي
دريايي; لب شور وابسته به آب سنگ; تغييرات عمق 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188). Subtropical; 31°N - 7°S, 99°W - 47°W (Ref. 188)
Western Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico and southeastern Florida to northern Brazil, including the Bahamas, the entire Caribbean and the West Indies.
طول در اولین بلوغ / اندازه / وزن / سن
بلوغ: Lm ?, range 7 - ? cm
Max length : 31.3 cm SL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 137577); common length : 10.0 cm SL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 188); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 109.00 g (Ref. 126891)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 0; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 15 - 21; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 12 - 23. Tooth-plate on tongue and tooth plate behind it (basihyal and basibranchials tooth plates) broad, their width about 3 to 5 times in their combined length, the basibranchial tooth plate with a distinct bulge in front. Scales fairly strongly attached, not easily lost. No dark pigment on dorsal fin tip (Ref. 188). Silvery, with a dark greenish back. Diffuse yellow or pale orange spot at edge of opercle. Body slender, lower profile not strongly curved (Ref. 7251).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Occurs in coastal waters, estuaries and lagoons, tolerating low salinities. Can tolerate a broad range of salinity levels (Ref. 26938). Forms schools, small individuals often along sandy beaches. Its flesh has an unpleasant odor. Utilized as fishmeal (Ref. 5217).
چرخه زندگی و رفتار جفتگیری
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | باروری | توزاد ( لارو)
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك; طعمه: usually
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
تخمینها بر اساس مدلها
دمای ترجیحی (مرجع
123201): 24.3 - 28, mean 26.8 °C (based on 230 cells).
شاخص تنوع فیلوژنتیکی (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00760 - 0.00953), b=3.07 (3.04 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
سطح تروفیک (مرجع
69278): 3.3 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
جهندگی (مرجع
120179): زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
آسیبپذیری ماهیگیری (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
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مواد مغذی (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 64.6 [30.1, 127.7] mg/100g; Iron = 1.01 [0.50, 1.87] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [18.8, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.39 [0.21, 0.71] g/100g; Selenium = 14.5 [6.7, 31.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 65.7 [20.2, 208.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.1 [0.7, 1.8] mg/100g (wet weight);
