Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina bottenlevande; djupintervall 30 - 600 m (Ref. 58489). Temperate; 34°S - 52°S, 158°E - 174°W
Southwest Pacific: endemic to New Zealand.
Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm 47.5, range 45 - 50 cm
Max length : 90.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 9988); common length : 46.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 9049); rapporterad maxålder: 20 år (Ref. 9072)
Kort beskrivning
Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 17 - 19; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 17 - 18; Ryggkotor: 33 - 34. This species is distinguished by the following characters: D 17-19; A 17-18; vertebrae 33-34; body rather elongate, tapering from a moderately broad, flat, bony head (width 1.1-1.4 times its length) covered with tiny blunt spines in juveniles to low radiating ridges in adults; small eyes directed upwards; bony orbital rim separated medially by naked rectangular space; mouth large, vertical, with several prominent canines between smaller canines; chin smooth; lips with short ridge-like crenulations; ventral margin of preopercle with four spine-like processes; anterior end of isthmus with a pair of prominent forward directed spines; prominent cleithral spine sheathed with skin above pectoral fin base; gill rakers on first arch 14-17, in the form of patches of fine teeth, patches narrow, teeth in three or four rows, innermost row rather long; no scales; lateral line pores in skin high on side close to base of dorsal fin; dorsal fin low, elongate, its base 67-82% of predorsal length; pectoral fins huge, fan-like; pelvic fins moderately large, length 20-25% SL (Ref. 86516).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Reported from depths between 30 m (Ref. 58489) and 600 m (Ref. 9258). Buries in sea bed until suitable prey passes by. Utilized fresh and frozen; can be steamed, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988).
Livscykel och parningsbeteende
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
Armitage, R.O., D.A. Payne, G.J. Lockley, H.M. Currie, R.L. Colban, B.G. Lamb and L.J. Paul (eds.), 1994. Guide book to New Zealand commercial fish species. Revised edition. New Zealand Fishing Industry Board, Wellington, New Zealand, 216 p. (Ref. 9258)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Hot mot människor
Harmless
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: kommersiell
Verktyg
Särskilda rapporter
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Önskad temperatur (Ref.
123201): 7.8 - 14.3, mean 11.2 °C (based on 62 cells).
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01230 (0.00648 - 0.02335), b=3.02 (2.85 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.58 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (tm=3; tmax=20; K=0.1-0.2;).
Prior r = 0.34, 95% CL = 0.22 - 0.51, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
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Sårbarhet för klimatet (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100).
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Näringsämnen (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 20.6 [14.1, 37.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.324 [0.212, 0.523] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.9, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 0.679 [0.432, 1.032] g/100g; Selenium = 20.5 [11.4, 37.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.4 [5.6, 49.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.368 [0.278, 0.500] mg/100g (wet weight);
