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Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Scomber: Greek, skombros = tunny or mackerel, 1623 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
البيئة: الوسط / المنطقة المناخية / نطاق العمق / نطاق التوزيع
البيئة
بحري pelagic-neritic; محيطية (Ref. 51243); نطاق العمق 87 - 200 m (Ref. 9563). Subtropical; 43°N - 50°S, 32°E - 110°W (Ref. 168)
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea, Persian Gulf; from Japan, south to Australia and New Zealand. Eastern Pacific: Hawaii and off Mexico (Socorro Island).
الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.2 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 137577); common length : 30.0 cm FL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 168); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 1.4 kg (Ref. 40637)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 10 - 13; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 12; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 12; فقرات: 31. No well developed corselet but body covered with rather small scales. Palatine narrow. Anal fin origin clearly more posterior than that of second dorsal fin. Anal fin spine independent from anal fin. Swim bladder present. Snout pointed. Interpelvic process small and single. Back with narrow oblique lines which zigzag and undulate; the belly is pearly white and marked with thin, wavy broken lines.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Occurs in coastal waters (Ref. 9340) and also in oceanic waters (Ref. 9563). Minimum depth reported at 87 m (Ref. 58489); fishing depths to 265 m (cited in Ref. 58302). Schooling by size which may include jack mackerels and Pacific sardines. They are plankton feeders filtering copepods and other crustaceans, but adults also feed on small fish and squids. Also caught with encircling nets (Ref. 9340). Marketed fresh, dried-salted, smoked, canned and frozen (Ref. 9987).
دورة الحياة وسلوك التزاوج
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | اليرقات
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
حالة القائمة الحمراء للاتحاد الدولي لحفظ الطبيعة والموارد الطبيعية (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; لعبة سمكه: نعم; طعم: usually
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
تنزيل XML
مصادر علي الأنترنت
تقديرات تستند إلى النماذج
درجة الحرارة المفضلة (مرجع
123201): 10.8 - 24.3, mean 18.7 °C (based on 185 cells).
مؤشر التنوع الشُعبي الوراثي (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00799 - 0.01040), b=3.05 (3.01 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع
69278): 4.2 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
المرونه (مرجع
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (K=0.28).
Prior r = 0.60, 95% CL = 0.39 - 0.90, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
ضعف الصيد (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
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قابلية التأثر بالمناخ (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
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المغذيات (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 52.1 [17.4, 129.4] mg/100g; Iron = 2 [1, 5] mg/100g; Protein = 21 [20, 22] %; Omega3 = 0.392 [0.257, 0.600] g/100g; Selenium = 74.3 [27.5, 192.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 24.7 [5.9, 109.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.822 [0.487, 1.377] mg/100g (wet weight);
