分類 / 名稱
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Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels)
鱸形目 (Mackerels) >
Trichiuridae (Cutlassfishes)
帶魚科 (Cutlassfishes) > Lepidopodinae
Etymology: Lepidopus: Greek, lepis = scale + Greek, pous = foot (Ref. 45335); fitchi: Named in honor of the late John Fitch, indefatigable student of California fishes (Ref. 12696).
Eponymy: John Edgar Fitch (1918–1982) was a marine biologist and ichthyologist who was Director of the US Fisheries Laboratory, San Diego. He wrote: Offshore fishes of California (1958). (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on authors: Rosenblatt & Wilson.
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
海洋 底中水層性; 深度上下限 100 - 500 m (Ref. 6181), usually 100 - 250 m (Ref. 9351). 深水域; 46°N - 17°S, 128°W - 75°W (Ref. 6181)
Eastern Pacific: Cape Kiwanda, Oregon, USA to the Gulf of California; then from 5°N to southern Peru.
東太平洋: 岬 Kiwanda, 美國的奧勒岡州到加州灣; 然後從 5個 ° N 到南方的祕魯。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 210 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9351); common length : 150 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9351); 最大體重: 1.4 kg (Ref. 6181)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背的軟條 (總數) : 78 - 87; 臀棘: 2; 臀鰭軟條: 41 - 50; 脊椎骨: 84 - 93. Upper head profile slightly convex, rising gently from snout to dorsal-fin origin. Orbits nearly touching dorsal profile; interorbital space slightly concave. Pelvic fins reduced to 1 scale-like spine and 1 - 2 tiny rays. Pyloric caeca 16 - 18. Color of body is black or brown with a silvery shine along the abdomen.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: compressed.
頭部上半部輪廓些微中凸, 逐漸地升起從吻尖到背鰭起點。 眼窩幾乎碰觸背面輪廓; 眼間隔些微地凹曲。 腹鰭縮小成 1根像鱗片一樣的棘了與 1- 2個極小的鰭條。 幽門盲囊 16- 18. 身體的顏色是黑色的或者褐色的有銀色的光澤沿著腹部。
Benthopelagic on the continental shelf and slope, up to a depth of 400 m or more; generally found over sandy bottoms at a depth between 100 and 250 m (Ref. 9351). During cold season, it is often seen near the surface at nights when the moon is full (Ref. 9351). May also be encountered in surge zones and sometimes observed to be beached in large numbers by the shore (Ref. 9351). A schooling species which feeds on cephalopods, euphausiids and small fishes, including Engraulis mordax and juvenile Merluccius productus. Marketed fresh and frozen (Ref. 9351). Excellent food fish, also processed into fish meal and oil (Ref. 9351).
在大陸棚及大陸坡上的大洋底棲性魚種, 到深度 400個公尺或更多; 通常在 100 與 250 公尺之間的深度發現在砂質底部上面了。 (參考文獻 9351) 在寒冷的季節期間, 它時常見到晚上接近水表面處當月圓.(參考文獻 9351) 可能也在湧浪區被見到與有時觀察被在大的數量海灘藉由海岸.(參考文獻 9351) 吃頭足類動物，磷蝦與小魚的一個群游性魚種, 包括 美洲鯷〔Engraulis mordax〕 與稚魚 Merluccius productus. 在市場上銷售生鮮和冷凍.(參考文獻 9351) 優良的食用魚, 也加工成魚粉與油。 (參考文獻 9351)
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
東太平洋: 岬 Kiwanda, 美國的奧勒岡州到加州灣; 然後從 5個 ° N 到南方的祕魯。
Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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基於模型的估計
首選溫度 (參考文獻
123201): 8.2 - 15.4, mean 12.8 °C (based on 70 cells).
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00275 (0.00104 - 0.00730), b=3.06 (2.83 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 4.1 ±0.59 se; based on food items.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
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營養素 (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 11.5 [5.3, 23.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.289 [0.135, 0.650] mg/100g; Protein = 17.2 [15.5, 18.8] %; Omega3 = 0.209 [0.095, 0.481] g/100g; Selenium = 30.3 [11.9, 77.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.03 [1.37, 41.90] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.26 [0.17, 0.43] mg/100g (wet weight);
