分类 / 名称
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cypriniformes (Carps) >
Leuciscidae (Minnows) > Laviniinae
Etymology: Gila: A river flowing from Southwest New Mexico westward across south Arizona into the Colorado River; alutacea: The specific name is derived from alutaceus (leathery) (Ref. 1998).
More on authors: Agassiz & Pickering.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
; 淡水 居于水底的; 河川洄游 (Ref. 126106). 溫帶; 55°N - 41°N
North America: Fraser and Columbia River drainages in British Columbia in Canada, Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and Nevada in USA; Harney River basin in Oregon, USA.
北美洲: 在加拿大的英屬哥倫比亞，華盛頓，愛達荷，奧勒岡州與美國內華達州的菲沙河與哥倫比亞河流域; 在美國的奧勒岡州的 Harney 河流域。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 86798); common length : 17.5 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193)
背的软条 (总数) : 10 - 11; 臀鳍软条: 9 - 10. Moderately compressed body, deepest in front of dorsal fin; strong tapering to narrow caudal peduncle; large, forked caudal fin; wide head; subterminal mouth; hard plate on lower jaw; large eye; dorsal-fin origin over pelvic-fin origin; rounded, protruding snout; decurved, complete lateral line with 85-93 scales; long intestine (at least twice length of body) ; black peritoneum; dorsal fin with 10-11 rays; anal fin with 9-10 rays; pharyngeal teeth 0,4-4,0 to 0,5-5,0; gray above, brassy silver side; yellow to brown fins; large individuals with gray dorsal and caudal fins, orange at pectoral and pelvic-fin bases (Ref. 86798). Tail large and flaring. Lower jaw bears a sharp edge, nearly square when viewed from beneath. Sharp part of lip consist of cornified epithelium which is sometimes slightly calcified. Internal to the fleshy upper lip is a small, hard plate upon which the lower lip bears. Young fish have a more rounded lower lip, when viewed either laterally or from below. Digestive tract in adults is about twice the length of the body, with most of its length consisting of a coiled section posterior to the entry of the bile duct (Ref. 52680).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
描述: 延长, 些微扁长形的身体。 尾柄狭窄的。 尾部大而发光的。 下颌有一个锐利的边缘, 几乎方形当在从看了之下。 唇的锐利部份有 cornified 上皮有时些微地是变成石灰质。 内在的到肉质的上嘴唇是下面的唇有的一个小又坚硬的碟在。之上 幼鱼有一个更多的圆形下唇, 当看或侧面地或者从下方。 消化管当成鱼时是大约长度两倍于身体, 具有大部分的包含一个被盘绕的部分它的长度在轮胆管的进入后面。 体腔的衬里是墨黑色。
Adults occur in flowing pools and runs over sand and gravel in creeks and small to medium rivers; also in margins of lakes (Ref. 86798). Adults feed mainly on diatoms, also on filamentous algae; young feed on surface insects (Ref. 1998).
在小溪及小型到中型河川中栖息于在沙与碎石上的流动潭水与支流; 也在湖的边缘中。 成鱼主要捕食硅藻, 也吃丝状的藻类; 幼鱼捕食水面的昆虫。 (参考文献 1998)
生命周期和交配行为
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
北美洲: 在加拿大的英屬哥倫比亞，華盛頓，愛達荷，奧勒岡州與美國內華達州的菲沙河與哥倫比亞河流域; 在美國的奧勒岡州的 Harney 河流域。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 2011. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 663p. (Ref. 86798)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
工具
特别资料
下载 XML
网络资源
基于模型的估算
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00451 - 0.02922), b=3.03 (2.81 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 2.1 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=3-4).
渔业脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
🛈
