Ambiente: milieu / zona climática / intervalo de profundidade / gama de distribuição
Ecologia
marinhas; Água doce; estuarina demersal; anádromo (Ref. 138280); intervalo de profundidade 6 - 53 m (Ref. 93286), usually 6 - 34 m (Ref. 93286). Subtropical; 49°N - 28°N, 82°W - 65°W (Ref. 54259)
North America: St. John River in Canada to St. Johns River in Florida, USA.
Comprimento na primeira maturidade / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm 50.0, range 45 - 55 cm
Max length : 143 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 6866); common length : 50.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 12193); peso máx. Publicado: 23.0 kg (Ref. 6866); Idade máx. registada: 67 anos (Ref. 6866)
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 0; Raios dorsais moles (total) : 33 - 42; Espinhos anais: 0; Raios anais moles: 18 - 24. Snout short, bluntly V-shaped, not upturned at tip. Barbels short (Ref. 7251). Absence of fontanelle and post dorsal shields. Single row of pre anal shields, 6-11 (Ref. 4639). Dorsal shields 7-13, lateral shields 22-34 (Ref. 4639). Blackish viscera (Ref. 37032). Head and back dark, lower surface white (Ref. 37032). Anal fin origin beneath dorsal fin origin (Ref. 86798).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: angular.
Inhabit river mouths, lakes, estuaries, and bays; occasionally enters the open sea. Feeds mostly at night over soft substrates; juveniles feed primarily on benthic crustaceans and insects, adults prey on benthic crustaceans, insects and mollusks (Ref. 93252). Maximum known age is 67 years for females and 30 years for males. Flesh of good quality; eggs are suitable for caviar (Ref. 3192).
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Ameaça para o homem
Harmless
Utilização humana
Pescarias: pouco comercial; peixe desportivo: sim; Aquário: Aquários públicos
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimativas baseadas em modelos
Temperatura preferida (Ref.
123201): 7.5 - 25.5, mean 15.6 °C (based on 138 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00316 (0.00155 - 0.00645), b=3.19 (3.02 - 3.36), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.39 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 23.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Muito baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população maior que 14 anos (K=0.04; tm=14-17; tmax=67; Fec=48,000).
Vulnerabilidade da pesca (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (77 of 100).
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