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Ophidiiformes (Cusk eels) >
Bythitidae (Livebearing brotulas)
Etymology: Parabrotula: Greek, para = the side of + Latin, brotula, -ae = little, bud, shoot (Ref. 45335).
Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut batipelagis; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 3000 m (Ref. 35509). Deep-water
Northeast Atlantic: most of the known specimens from the area (Ref. 36126). Eastern Atlantic: Gulf of Guinea, one specimen 0°42'S, 7°E (Ref. 10800). Southeast Atlantic: off East London, South Africa. Western Pacific: Japan and Australia (Ref. 11228).
Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 5.4 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 35509)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 37 - 41; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 34 - 38. Body long, naked and compressed. Skin loose, thin but not gelatinous. Snout pointed. Gill opening large. Head and body uniformly dark brown in alcohol (Ref. 35852).
Found on the continental slope (Ref. 75154). Viviparous (Ref. 10800). Minimum depth from Ref. 58018.
Siklus hidup dan perilaku kawin
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fekunditas | Larva
Anderson, M.E., 1986. Parabrotulidae. p. 343. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 6608)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: bycatch
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Suhu yang disukai (Acuan
123201): 3.7 - 10.6, mean 6 °C (based on 497 cells).
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00102 (0.00046 - 0.00225), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan
69278): 3.2 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (Assuming Fec<100).
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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