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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Sardinella: Latin and Greek, sarda = sardine; name related to the island of Sardinia; diminutive (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.
Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut pelagic-neritic; oceanodromus (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman 15 - 100 m (Ref. 12260). Tropical; 38°N - 33°S, 97°E - 134°E (Ref. 54869)
Eastern Indian Ocean: Phuket, Thailand; southern coasts of East Java and Bali; and Western Australia. Western Pacific: Java Sea, Philippines, Hong Kong, Taiwan Island, southern Japan. Can not be distinguished as yet on morphological grounds from Sardinella aurita which occurs in the Atlantic Ocean.
Panjang pada saat jatuh tempo pertama / Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm 14.3, range 14 - 15 cm
Max length : 23.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 188); common length : 20.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 188)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 13 - 21; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 12 - 23. A faint golden spot behind gill opening, followed by a faint golden mid-lateral line; a distinct black spot at hind border of gill cover (absence of pigment). Body elongate, sub-cylindrical. Distinguished from all other clupeids in the eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific by its pelvic fin ray count of i 8; from S. longiceps by its shorter head length and fewer lower gill rakers.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Adults form large schools in coastal waters, particularly in the Bali Strait upwelling. Found in sheltered bays and lagoons (Ref. 48635). They feed on phytoplankton and zooplankton, chiefly copepods. Time series analysis (Ref. 9586) suggests that recruitment fluctuations are related to ENSO events, as defined in Ref. 9577, 9578 and 9580.
Spawning tends to take place in inshore waters where salinity is low (Ref. 6863) at the beginning of the rainy season. Spawning aggregations may be formed, also including Amblygaster sirm, A. leogaster and Clupea fimbriata.
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: bernilai komersial tinggi
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Suhu yang disukai (Acuan
123201): 22.8 - 28.6, mean 27.8 °C (based on 500 cells).
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00467 - 0.01123), b=3.10 (2.97 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan
69278): 2.5 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.1 (1.0 - 1.3) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 18
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (K=0.8-1.3; tmax=4.5).
Prior r = 1.19, 95% CL = 0.79 - 1.79, Based on 6 data-limited stock assessments.
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
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Kerentanan Iklim (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).
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Nutrisi (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 257 [134, 389] mg/100g; Iron = 1.99 [1.18, 3.52] mg/100g; Protein = 20.3 [19.3, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.286 [0.140, 0.547] g/100g; Selenium = 114 [61, 228] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22.2 [7.0, 65.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.3 [0.9, 1.8] mg/100g (wet weight);
