Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut; air tawar; payau berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 50 m (Ref. 55). Tropical; 34°N - 17°S, 27°W - 14°E (Ref. 55)
Eastern Atlantic: west coast of Africa (Ref. 57393) from Senegal to Congo (Ref. 81653), primarily in the Gulf of Guinea and Cape Verde Islands (Ref. 57393, 81653).
Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 80.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 55); common length : 50.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 55)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 10; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 14; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 8. Diagnosis: body stocky (Ref. 57393), relatively deep (Ref. 81653). Head pointed, dorsal profile of forehead abrupt/steep (Ref. 55, 57393, 81653). Eyes large (Ref. 81653). Preorbital/lachrymal bone (very) broad (Ref. 55, 81653). Maxilla extending to about mid-eye level (Ref. 55, 57393, 81653). Vomerine tooth plate triangular with a pronounced, long, postero-median extension (Ref. 57393, 81653). Pectoral fins of adult not reaching level of anus (Ref. 55, 81653). Scales medium-sized and ctenoid (Ref. 57393, 81653). Scale rows on back parallel to lateral line (Ref. 55, 57393, 81653), 5-7 rows below spinous part of dorsal fin (Ref. 57393, 81653). 5-6 transverse scale rows on cheek (Ref. 55, 57393, 81653). Presence of narrow blue band from snout to angle of opercle (Ref. 55, 57393, 81653) or a row of broken spots below eye (ref. 55). Small specimens from shallow water mainly brownish (Ref. 55).
Coloration: back vermilion red, becoming bright pink in large individuals and fading progressively to whitish on belly; blue subocular line, either continuous or fragmented, running from upper jaw to angle of opercle; juveniles more or less uniformly brownish (Ref. 57393).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Adults occur on rocky bottoms and in the vicinity of coral reefs (Ref. 55, 57393, 81653). Young are frequently encountered in coastal waters, particularly estuaries and sometimes in lower courses of rivers (Ref. 2683, 57393, 81653). Voracious predator (Ref. 57393), feeds mainly on fishes and bottom-dwelling invertebrates (Ref. 55). Size of juveniles ranges from 7.90 to 19.99 cm in length (Ref. 111357).
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Suhu yang disukai (Acuan
123201): 23.7 - 28, mean 26.6 °C (based on 66 cells).
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.01324 - 0.01652), b=2.96 (2.94 - 2.98), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan
69278): 4.0 ±0.59 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
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Nutrisi (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 24.3 [15.6, 34.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.283 [0.182, 0.433] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.4, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.13 [0.09, 0.18] g/100g; Selenium = 60.8 [39.8, 89.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 111 [20, 386] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.455 [0.363, 0.613] mg/100g (wet weight);
