Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut batipelagis; kisaran kedalaman 25 - 4740 m (Ref. 58018), usually 100 - 1500 m. Deep-water; 65°N -
Worldwide. Mediterranean (Ref. 85016). Eastern Atlantic: scattered records from Iceland (Ref. 4769) south to Cape Verde and Gulf of Guinea; also between 30°S-35°S. Western Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 27768). North Atlantic: 65°-30°N. Indo-Pacific: in tropical and subtropical waters. Eastern Pacific: found in California and Baja California (Ref. 35800), and Chile (Ref. 9068). Indian Ocean, tropical and subtropical waters (Ref. 47377). South China Sea and East China Sea (Ref.74511).
Panjang pada saat jatuh tempo pertama / Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm ?, range 20 - ? cm
Max length : 27.5 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 4463)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 11 - 15; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 27 - 32; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 39 - 41. Black in color, slightly silvery laterally; fins dusky and with small black spots; distal portion of pectorals and pelvic fins colorless (Ref. 3991). Dorsal adipose fin present. Branchiostegal rays: 12-13 (Ref. 35800).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Meso- to bathypelagic (Ref. 58302). Occur between 100-200 m and 500-800 m at night and 25-600 m and 1,250-1,500 m during the day (Ref. 4463). Feed on crustaceans and small fishes (Ref. 4769). Photophores develop in fishes over 6-22 mm SL (Ref. 4769). Protandric hermaphrodite, oviparous with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 35800). Minimum depth from Ref. 4463.
Quéro, J.-C., J.C. Njock and M.M. de la Hoz, 1990. Gonostomatidae. p. 283-292. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4463)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: tidak ada kepentingan
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Suhu yang disukai (Acuan
123201): 2.9 - 19.2, mean 6.9 °C (based on 5921 cells).
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00288 (0.00166 - 0.00500), b=3.03 (2.87 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan
69278): 3.3 ±0.40 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).
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