Classificazione / Nomi
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Ophidiiformes (Cusk eels) >
Bythitidae (Livebearing brotulas)
Etymology: Grammonus: Greek, gramma = signal, mark + Greek, onos = hake; thielei: Named for Werner Thiele, who photographed and caught the holotype.
Eponymy: Werner Thiele (d: 1966) is an Austrian self-taught underwater photographer. He was the first person to photograph and capture this species. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on authors: Nielsen & Cohen.
Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
marino benthopelagico; distribuzione batimetrica 2 - 25 m (Ref. 56143). Tropical; 21°C - 25°C (Ref. 56143)
Western Pacific: Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 56143); 15.0 cm TL (female)
Breve descrizione
Chiavi di identificazione | Morfologia | Morfometria
Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 66; Raggi anali molli: 41. Diagnosis: Fin rays in dorsal 66; anal 41; pectoral 21. Vertebrae 11 + 27 (ural elements counted as 1). Head length 33% SL. One large lateral line pore (equal to posterior supraorbital pore) near angle of opercle. The caudal fin is free of the dorsal and anal fins (Ref. 56143).
Observed in limestone caves and sinkholes which are probably connected at depths between 2 and 30 meters; often in lightless chambers without current, few are found at the entrance of caves where they hide beneath rock ledges. No reaction to torchlight was shown and escape distance was only about 2 centimeters; mostly were seen motionless, with only a slight movement of the fins maintaining the fishes' position (Ref. 56143).
Ciclo vitale e comportamento di accoppiamento
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecondità | Larve
Nielsen, J.G. and D.M. Cohen, 2004. Grammonus thielei (Ophidiiformes: Bythitidae) - a new bythitid cavefish from off Sulawesi, Indonesia. The Beagle 20:83-86. (Ref. 56143)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Minaccia per l'uomo
Harmless
Usi umani
Strumenti
Rapporti speciali
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Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Indice di diversità filogenetica (Fonte Biblio.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00479 (0.00192 - 0.01191), b=3.03 (2.81 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Livello trofico (Fonte Biblio.
69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio.
120179): Alto, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione meno di 15 mesi (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Vulnerabilità della pesca (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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