Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina revassocierade; djupintervall 1 - 150 m (Ref. 9710). Subtropical; 36°N - 36°S, 23°E - 175°E (Ref. 5222)
Indo-West Pacific: East Africa to the western Pacific, southward into temperate waters of South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. Not known from the Red Sea or Persian Gulf.
Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm 19.4, range 14 - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 90102); publicerad maxvikt: 1.4 kg (Ref. 5222)
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 11; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 16 - 18; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 3; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 8. Characterized by red-brown head; body mottled pale-brown color; 5-6 irregular dark brown bars on body; caudal fin dark brown with pale speckling; body scales ctenoid except cycloid anterodorsally above lateral line, on nape, thorax and abdomen; body with auxiliary scales only anterodorsally behind zone of small cycloid scales; greatest depth of body; 2.7-3.2 in SL; rounded caudal fin; pelvic fins, 1.9-2.4 in head length (Ref. 90102); body depth contained 2.7-3.2 times in SL; head length 2.3-2.6 times in SL; head length 2.3-2.6 times in SL; flat to slightly convex interorbital area, dorsal head profile convex; snout length 4.0-5.0 in HL; angular preopercle, with enlarged serrae at angle; straight upper edge of operculum, almost horizontal; posterior and anterior nostril subequal in size; maxilla reaches to or past vertical at rear edge of eye, ventral edge with slight step at distal expansion; 2-3 rows of teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw; pyloric caeca (Ref. 89707).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Sedentary reef-associated species (Ref. 89707). Occurs on coral reefs, areas with rocky substrata, algal flats and seagrass beds. Feeds on fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 30573). A protogynous hermaphrodite (Ref. 55367). Forms spawning aggregations (Ref. 55367). Solitary (Ref 90102).
Livscykel och parningsbeteende
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
A monandric species (Ref. 55367). Length at sex change = 7.56 cm TL (Ref. 55367).
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Hot mot människor
Harmless
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: mindre kommeriell
Verktyg
Särskilda rapporter
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Önskad temperatur (Ref.
123201): 21.5 - 28.8, mean 27.2 °C (based on 1542 cells).
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01230 (0.00776 - 0.01949), b=3.03 (2.90 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.54 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (K=0.4).
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
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Näringsämnen (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 22.1 [7.7, 45.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.54 [0.27, 1.15] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.6, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.208 [0.115, 0.369] g/100g; Selenium = 19.8 [9.8, 39.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 97.4 [23.4, 395.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.901 [0.594, 1.361] mg/100g (wet weight);
