Elasmobranchii (hajar och rockor) (sharks and rays) >
Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks) >
Sphyrnidae (Hammerhead, bonnethead, or scoophead sharks)
Etymology: Sphyrna: Probable misspelling of sphyra (Gr.), hammer, referring to their hammer-shaped heads (See ETYFish); tudes: Latin for hammer, referring to its hammer-shaped head (See ETYFish).
More on author: Valenciennes.
Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina bentopelagisk; havsvandrande (Ref. 87829), usually ? - 12 m (Ref. 244). Subtropical; 46°N - 57°S, 73°W - 37°E (Ref. 244)
Southwest Atlantic: Venezuela to Argentina (Ref. 58839). Also Mediterranean Sea and Eastern Pacific (Ref. 7251).
Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 134 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 244); 148.0 cm TL (female)
A little-known inshore shark of the continental shelf, found down to at least 12 m depth. Feeds on small bony fishes, including sea catfish and grunts, but also newborn scalloped hammerheads, swimming crabs, squids, and shrimp. Viviparous with a yolk-sac placenta; number of young probably 6 to 9 per litter (Ref. 244).
Livscykel och parningsbeteende
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
Viviparous, with yolk-sac plazenta; number of young probably 6 - 9 per litter. Size at birth about 30 cm.
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Hot mot människor
Harmless
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: husbehovsfiske
Verktyg
Särskilda rapporter
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Önskad temperatur (Ref.
123201): 17.6 - 27.8, mean 21.1 °C (based on 613 cells).
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5006 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00355 (0.00159 - 0.00792), b=3.12 (2.93 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mycket låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mer än 14 år (Fec=6).
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (89 of 100).
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