Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet
Ökologie
seewasser demersal; tiefenbereich 20 - 500 m (Ref. 2683). Subtropical; 57°N - 5°S, 18°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay (occasionally further north) and southwestern Mediterranean to the Strait of Gibraltar and the Gulf of Guinea, possibly even further south.
Länge bei der ersten Reifung / Größe / Gewicht / Alter
Geschlechtsreife: Lm 15.8 range ? - 21 cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 3397); common length : 25.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 26999)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 12; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 10 - 11; Afterflossenstacheln: 3; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 8 - 9. Body tall, without stripes or bars. Small black spot at the pectoral fin base (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Inhabit various types of bottom but prefers gravel or rubble from 20 to about 500 m depth, abundance varying with depth according to the latitudes. Feed mainly on crustaceans and fish but also takes mollusks (Ref. 4781).
Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja
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Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen
Bevorzugte Temperatur (Ref.
123201): 10 - 16.8, mean 13.5 °C (based on 312 cells).
Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01380 (0.01086 - 0.01755), b=3.02 (2.99 - 3.05), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophische Ebene (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.61 se; based on food items.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (K=0.18-0.23).
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
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Klimaanfälligkeit (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).
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Nährstoffe (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 68.6 [38.2, 132.2] mg/100g; Iron = 1.04 [0.58, 1.83] mg/100g; Protein = 19.9 [18.5, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.515 [0.289, 0.917] g/100g; Selenium = 34.8 [16.9, 64.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.6 [4.3, 38.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.672 [0.473, 0.965] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
