分类 / 名称
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies)
鱸形目 (Cichlids, convict blennies) >
Cichlidae (Cichlids)
麗魚科 (Cichlids) > Astronotinae
Etymology: Astronotus: Greek, astra = ray + Greek, noton = back (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Agassiz.
Taxonomic Remarks
Redescription of Peruvian material in Kullander (1986: 61), with diagnosis, description, distribution, and illustrations. The species is reported from the Rio Orinoco drainage and numerous localities in the Rio Amazonas basin, but apparently several species are confused under the name, and names in the synonymy may represent valid species.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
; 淡水 底中水层性; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 19. 熱帶; 22°C - 25°C (Ref. 1672); 4°N - 15°S, 78°W - 47°W
South America: western Amazon and Orinoco basins. Introduced elsewhere.
南美洲: 在祕魯，哥倫比亞巴西的亞馬遜河流域。 也已知來自法屬圭亞那。
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 12.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.7 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 24.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大体重: 1.6 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (总数) : 12 - 14; 背的软条 (总数) : 17 - 21; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 16 - 20. Large mouth with thick lips; 7 preopercular pores; first gill arch without lobe; gill rakers short and thick with many denticles; dorsal and anal fins bases densely scaled; many branched rays; body color dark with bright orange opercle margin and ventral parts of the lateral sides of the body; often a black rounded blotch with orange margin at caudal fin base (Ref. 35237).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: oval.
大的嘴巴有厚唇; 7个前鳃盖骨孔; 第一个没有叶的鳃弓; 鳃耙短与厚的有许多细齿; 背鳍与臀鳍基底厚密地覆有鳞片的; 许多分支条; 身体颜色深色且有鲜橘色的鳃盖边缘与身体的侧面侧边的腹部份; 时常一个黑色的圆形斑块在尾鳍基底有橘色的边缘。 (参考文献 35237)
Preferably inhabits quiet shallow waters in mud-bottomed and sand-bottomed canals and ponds (Ref. 5723). Feeds on small fish, crayfish, worms and insect larvae. Quite popular with aquarists but not for aquaculturists because of its slow growth (Ref. 35237). Maximum length 40 cm TL (Ref. 5723). A highly esteemed food fish in South America (Ref. 44091).
可能地居住于安静的浅水域。 吃小鱼，小龙虾，蠕虫与昆虫幼生。 出现于泥质底而砂质底的管与池塘。 (参考文献 5723) 相当受水族业者的欢迎但是不对于推动水栽法者由于它的慢成长.(参考文献 35237) 最大的长度 40 公分TL.(参考文献 5723) 在南美洲的一个深受喜爱的食用鱼.(参考文献 44091)
生命周期和交配行为
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
In captivity, both male and female clean a suitable spawning site - often a flat rock , or branches, or in a circular nest excavated in shallow water (Ref. 44091). Eggs (usually numbering in the thousands, Ref. 44091) are deposited and are guarded by both parents. Egg hatch in 3 or 4 days and parent move the fry to a shallow pit in the sand where they remain for 6 or 7 days (Ref. 7020). 南美洲: 在祕魯，哥倫比亞巴西的亞馬遜河流域。 也已知來自法屬圭亞那。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 高经济性
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
基于模型的估算
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03162 (0.01522 - 0.06569), b=3.02 (2.83 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 2.8 ±0.32 se; based on food items.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Assuming tm<=1; Fec=300-2000).
渔业脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
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营养素 (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 85.3 [39.6, 151.5] mg/100g; Iron = 1.15 [0.64, 2.32] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [16.4, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.318 [0.117, 0.926] g/100g; Selenium = 85.4 [31.6, 191.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25.4 [6.6, 80.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.63 [1.06, 2.47] mg/100g (wet weight);
