分类 / 名称
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Holocephali
全头亚纲 (银鲛科) (chimaeras) >
Chimaeriformes (Chimaeras) >
Chimaeridae (Shortnose chimaeras or ratfishes)
Etymology: Chimaera: Named for the mythological creature composed of parts of multiple animals, referring to their odd mix of characteristics (See ETYFish); monstrosa: Latin for strange or grotesque, referring to its strange appearance, as if composed of parts of multiple animals (See ETYFish).
More on author: Linnaeus.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
海洋 深海底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 40 - 1400 m (Ref. 104125), usually 300 - 500 m (Ref. 4443). 深水域; 75°N - 27°N, 32°W - 35°E
Northeast Atlantic (widespread), including the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the Mediterranean Sea.
東大西洋: 挪威北部與冰島，史卡基拉克海域與 Kattegat 南至摩洛哥包括地中海西部 (一些孤立的來自東部的紀錄) ，亞速群島與馬得拉群島。 來自南非的紀錄是可疑的。 記錄來自 Oshima ，日本 (FMNH 89161)了。 (參考文獻 27954)
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 45.9 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 150 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 35388); 最大体重: 2.5 kg (Ref. 4645)
简单描述
检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
Bathydemersal to benthopelagic generally between 300 and 500 m depth. Found in the upper continental slope. Usually found in deeper waters in southern latitudes, while making a summer inshore migration up to 40-100 m in the northern areas. Sluggish, usually occurring in small groups. Feeds mainly on bottom-living invertebrates. The single dorsal spine is sharp and pointed, and although only mildly venomous can inflict a painful wound. Oviparous. Males have a clasper on the forehead that is probably used to hold on to the female during copulation. Egg capsules are about 17 cm long; young look alike adults and hatch when 10 cm long. Common by-catch when trawling for shrimps in the North Sea or Skaggerak.
对大洋底栖性鱼种的深海底栖性通常在 300 与 500 公尺深之间。 发现于大陆坡上层了。 南方的纬度的通常发现于较深的水域,在区域北部中当进行夏天近岸回游向上到 40-100 公尺。 缓动性的, 通常出现在小群鱼群。 主要吃底栖无脊椎动物。 单一背棘是锐利而尖的, 而且虽然只有温和的有毒能施放令人痛苦的创伤。 卵生的。 雄姓在前额有一个鳍脚可能，那是用来在连结的时候抱住母鱼。 卵鞘是大约 17 公分长; 幼鱼形似成鱼而且孵化当 10 公分长的。 经常被误捕当拖网对于虾在北海或 Skaggerak 中。
生命周期和交配行为
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous; egg-capsules slender, club-shaped with narrow lateral membranes and a horny filament at the long pointed end, 17 cm long and 3 cm wide; deposited mainly in spring and summer. The embryos developing in about 9-12 months and hatch at 10 cm length. 東大西洋: 挪威北部與冰島，史卡基拉克海域與 Kattegat 南至摩洛哥包括地中海西部 (一些孤立的來自東部的紀錄) ，亞速群島與馬得拉群島。 來自南非的紀錄是可疑的。 記錄來自 Oshima ，日本 (FMNH 89161)了。 (參考文獻 27954)
Krefft, G., 1990. Chimaeridae. p. 111-113. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4443)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
易受伤害 (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 02 September 2019
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
基于模型的估算
首选温度 (参考文献
123201): 3.7 - 14.1, mean 7.9 °C (based on 179 cells).
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00257 (0.00155 - 0.00426), b=3.01 (2.87 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 3.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 16.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming Fec <100;).
渔业脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100).
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气候脆弱性 (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
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营养素 (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 7.33 [2.04, 25.54] mg/100g; Iron = 0.33 [0.11, 0.85] mg/100g; Protein = 14.7 [9.9, 18.5] %; Omega3 = 0.239 [0.093, 0.622] g/100g; Selenium = 22 [6, 73] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.79 [1.22, 27.56] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.326 [0.169, 0.636] mg/100g (wet weight);
