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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Nematalosa: Greek, nema, -atos = filament + Latin, alausa = a fish cited by Ausonius and Latin, halec = pickle, dealing with the Greek word hals = salt; it is also the old Saxon name for shad = "alli" ; 1591 (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: ‘HMS Erebus’ was a British warship used in surveying and exploring and from which the holotype was collected. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Günther.
環境：環境 / 気候帯 / 深さの範囲 / 分布範囲
生態学
; 新鮮な水; 汽水性の 外洋の; potamodromous (Ref. 51243); 深さの範囲 0 - 3 m (Ref. 6390). Subtropical; 15°C - 25°C (Ref. 2060); 11°S - 37°S
Oceania and Asia: Rivers of Australia and southwestern Papua New Guinea (from Fortescue River near Dampier Archipelago in Western Australia, eastward in rivers through the Northern Territory and Queensland south to the Murray-Darling system; also the Finke River, affluent to Lake Eyre; Bensbach River (Ref. 6993) and Digoel River in New Guinea.
初回成熟時の長さ / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
成熟: Lm 18.3, range 13 - ? cm
Max length : 48.0 cm SL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 6390)
背面の脊椎 (合計) : 0; 肛門の骨: 0; 臀鰭: 17 - 26. Belly with 14 to 18 (usually 16 to 17) - 11 to 14 (usually 12 or 13), total 25 to 31 (usually 20 to 30) scutes. Anterior arm of pre-operculum with fleshy triangular area above, not covered by third infra-orbital bone (see N. come). Edge of lower jaw strongly flared outward. Pectoral axillary scale rudimentary or absent. Hind edge of scales not toothed. A dark spot behind gill opening.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Occur often far up rivers, but also in estuaries and in Lakes Alexandrina and Albert near mouth of a river (Ref. 188). Most commonly inhabit streams coursing through relatively dry eucalyptus-scrub or desert areas, preferring sluggish or quiet waters (Ref. 5259, 44894). Also found in saline lakes (slightly less salty than sea water). Tolerant of water temperatures between 9° and 38°C and pH 4.8-8.6. Although these fish have a wide tolerance of temperature and pH, they are susceptible to oxygen depletion and are usually the first to perish when ephemeral habitats begin to dry up. Common length is 15-20 cm (Ref. 44894). Frequently noted in large shoals that feed on benthic algae; also feed on insects and small crustaceans. Spawning may occur repeatedly in the north with a peak during the wet season; probably annual in the south (Ref. 5259, 44894).
ライフサイクルと交尾行動
成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生
In more northerly part of its range, spawning may take place several times over the year but is probably annual in southern localities.
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCNのレッドリストの状況は (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
人間の用途
水産業: 商業; 餌: usually
用具
特記事項
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インターネットの情報源
モデルに基づく推定値
系統多様性指数 (参照
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00708 (0.00406 - 0.01233), b=2.99 (2.84 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
栄養段階 (参照
69278): 2.8 ±0.29 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 4.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (参照
120179): 手段, １．４年～４．４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (tm=2; tmax=10; Fec=33,000).
漁業の脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
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