Ikan bertulang rawan (sharks and rays) >
Rhinopristiformes (Shovelnose rays) >
Trygonorrhinidae (Banjo rays, Fiddler rays)
Etymology: Aptychotrema: Greek, a = without + Greek, ptyx, ptychos = fold + Greek, trema = hole (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Shaw.
Taxonomic Remarks
Authorship to be checked again in new CoF version. See Synonyms for another opinion.
Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut; payau dasar (demersal); kisaran kedalaman ? - 220 m (Ref. 114953). Subtropical; 18°S - 37°S, 145°E - 155°E (Ref. 114953)
Western Pacific: endemic to Australia.
Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 12951); 120.0 cm TL (female)
Found on soft bottoms off beaches, lower parts of estuaries and offshore (Ref. 9909). Feeds on bottom crustaceans, mollusks, and fishes (Ref. 9909). Males mature at 60-68 cm TL, females at 54-66 cm TL; birth size at 13-15 TL. Produces 4-18 pups after 3-5 month gestation, usually around November and December (Ref. 114953). Caught in nets (Ref. 9909). Marketed fresh (Ref. 9909).
Ovoviviparous with up to 4 in a litter. Size at birth about 13 cm.
Compagno, L.J.V. and P.R. Last, 1999. Rhinobatidae. Guitarfishes. p. 1423-1430. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 9909)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Suhu yang disukai (Acuan
123201): 20.2 - 24.6, mean 24.3 °C (based on 9 cells).
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.6289 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00264 - 0.01991), b=3.00 (2.77 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan
69278): 3.9 ±0.62 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (Assuming fecundity<100).
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
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Nutrisi (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 22.4 [4.2, 97.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.663 [0.172, 1.883] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [17.5, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.259 [0.120, 0.556] g/100g; Selenium = 25.9 [8.0, 67.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.55 [3.59, 21.11] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.651 [0.333, 1.211] mg/100g (wet weight);