Milieu: milieu / Klimaatzone / Diepte / verspreidingsgebied
Ecologie
marien; brak water pelagic-neritic; diepte 10 - 180 m (Ref. 27121). Subtropical; 44°N - 40°S, 97°W - 16°E
Western Atlantic: New England, USA and Bermuda to Argentina (Ref. 47377). Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania to Namibia (Ref. 27121). Southwest Atlantic: Sergipe, Brazil (Ref. 118626).
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturiteit: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 3694); common length : 60.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 3694); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 4.9 kg (Ref. 40637)
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 13 - 15; Anale stekels: 0; Anale zachte stralen: 12 - 13.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Inhabits inshore and near-shore areas, over sand or mud bottoms. Usually found alone or in small, loose aggregates. Adults are pelagic, but near continental margins; young are commonly found on coastal and offshore banks (Ref. 7251). Feeds on fish and shrimps (Ref. 28587). Minimum depth from Ref. 26912. Its flesh is very delicate; nevertheless, in certain region like the Pacific and the Indian Ocean, it is toxic (particularly the skin and the viscera) (Ref. 5377). Poisonous, should not be eaten (Ref. 36731).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Shipp, R.L., 1990. Tetraodontidae. p. 1069-1072. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7464)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van minder commercieel belang; sportvis: ja
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Schattingen op basis van modellen
Gewenste temperatuur (Ref.
123201): 16.2 - 27.3, mean 23.2 °C (based on 373 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02138 (0.01689 - 0.02706), b=2.85 (2.81 - 2.89), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.69 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Kwetsbaarheid van de visserij (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100).
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Voedingsstoffen (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 36.6 [14.9, 98.0] mg/100g; Iron = 1.01 [0.54, 2.12] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [17.4, 21.9] %; Omega3 = 0.429 [0.191, 0.878] g/100g; Selenium = 28.5 [14.1, 56.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.02 [3.40, 24.30] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.688 [0.482, 0.972] mg/100g (wet weight);
