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Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Sarda: Latin and Greek, sarda = sardine; name related to the island of Sardinia (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
Environnement : milieu / zone climatique / profondeur / gamme de distribution
Écologie
marin; saumâtre pelagic-neritic; océanodrome (Ref. 51243); profondeur 80 - 200 m (Ref. 5377). Subtropical; 12°C - 27°C (Ref. 168); 62°N - 40°S, 98°W - 42°E (Ref. 54865)
Eastern Atlantic: Oslo, Norway to Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Also known from the Mediterranean and Black Sea. Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia, Canada to Florida, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico; then from Colombia, Venezuela, and south of the Amazon River to northern Argentina; apparently absent from most of the Caribbean Sea.
Longueur à la première maturité / Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturité: Lm 37.8, range 41 - ? cm
Max length : 91.4 cm FL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 168); common length : 50.0 cm FL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 168); poids max. publié: 11.0 kg (Ref. 40637); âge max. reporté: 5 années (Ref. 29114)
Épines dorsales (Total) : 20 - 23; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total) : 15 - 18; Épines anales: 0; Rayons mous anaux: 14 - 17; Vertèbres: 50 - 55. Mouth moderately large. Laminae of olfactory rosette 21-39. Interpelvic process small and bifid. Body completely covered with very small scales posterior to the corselet. Swim bladder absent. Spleen large. Liver with elongate left and right lobe and short middle lobe. Oblique dorsal stripes with a greater angle than in other species of Sarda.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Epipelagic, neritic and schooling species that may enter estuaries. Known to be cannibalistic, adults prey on small schooling fishes, invertebrates like squid and shrimps and can swallow relatively large prey. Eggs and larvae pelagic (Ref. 6769). Utilized fresh, dried or salted, smoked, canned and frozen (Ref. 9987). Able to adapt to different temperatures 12° to 27°C and salinities 14 to 39 (Ref. 36731).
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Menace pour l'homme
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: hautement commercial; pêche sportive: oui
Outils
Articles particuliers
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Sources Internet
Estimations basées sur des modèles
Température préférée (Réf.
123201): 7 - 23.4, mean 10.7 °C (based on 346 cells).
Indice de diversité phylogénétique (Réf.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00764 - 0.00993), b=3.06 (3.02 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Niveau trophique (Réf.
69278): 4.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.5 (1.4 - 3.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 14
growth studies.
Résilience (Réf.
120179): Milieu, temps minimum de doublement de population : 1,4 à 4,4 années (K=0.46; tm>1; tmax=5).
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 9 data-limited stock assessments.
Vulnérabilité de la pêche (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
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Vulnérabilité climatique (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
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Nutriments (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 48.6 [29.8, 70.5] mg/100g; Iron = 3.05 [1.93, 4.90] mg/100g; Protein = 21.2 [20.2, 22.1] %; Omega3 = 0.438 [0.198, 0.939] g/100g; Selenium = 34.7 [24.6, 48.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.6 [3.1, 34.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.505 [0.409, 0.700] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
