4685 Phalloceros caudimaculatus (Hensel, 1868) Poeciliidae Poeciliids Poeciliinae Cyprinodontiformes Teleostei Dusky millions fish South America: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil southward to Uruguay and Argentina (Ref. 9086). Introduced mainly for mosquito control (Ref. 1739). At least one country reports adverse ecological impact after introduction. AMNH 221023 Phalloceros caudimaculatus AMNH 221026 Phalloceros caudimaculatus AMNH 221027 Phalloceros caudimaculatus AMNH 22663 Phalloceros caudomaculatus AMNH 35366 Phalloceros caudomaculatus AMNH 35368 Phalloceros caudomaculatus AMNH 35370 Phalloceros caudomaculatus AMNH 35373 Phalloceros caudomaculatus AMNH 22673 1908 Phalloceros caudomaculatus AMNH 4220 1912 Phalloceros caudomaculatus AMNH 14698 1939 Phalloceros caudimaculatus AMNH 43393 1978 Phalloceros caudomaculatus AMNH 216097 1979 Phalloceros caudimaculatus AMNH 93354 1989 Phalloceros caudomaculatus AMNH 99990 1989 Phalloceros caudomaculatus