| Species | Name Used in Reference |
|---|---|
| Osteogaster aenea (Gill, 1858) | Osteogaster aenea (p. 25;key) |
| Osteogaster eques (Steindachner, 1876) | Osteogaster eques (p. 25;key) |
| Osteogaster hephaestus (Ohara, Tencatt & Britto, 2016) | Osteogaster hephaestus (p. 25;key) |
| Osteogaster maclurei (Tencatt, Gomes & Evers, 2023) | Osteogaster maclurei (p. 25;key) |
| Osteogaster melanotaenia (Regan, 1912) | Osteogaster melanotaenia (p. 25;key) |
| Osteogaster oharai Tencatt, Carvalho, Silva & Britto, 2025 | Osteogaster oharai (p. 5;fig.1) |
| Osteogaster rabauti (La Monte, 1941) | Osteogaster rabauti (p. 25;key) |
| Osteogaster zygata (Eigenmann & Allen, 1942) | Osteogaster zygata (p. 25;key) |