| Main Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1985 |
|---|---|
| Remarks |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrate | |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. | Shao, K.-T., C.-P. Lin, L.-T. Ho and P.-L. Lin, 1990 |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1985 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | 3.45 | 0.26 | 3.16 | 0.30 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
| From individual food items | 3.19 | 0.37 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Hobson, E.S., 1974 | ||||