| Rif. principale. | van der Waal, B.C.W. and P.H. Skelton, 1984 |
|---|---|
| Osservazioni | Favors rocky habitats or marginal vegetation in slow-flowing rivers and lagoons, often taking shelter under trees. Diet consists of small fishes and invertebrates like snails, shrimps and insects. Eggs are large and relatively few, suggesting parental care, but no details are know. 'Grunts' when taken out of the water (Ref. 7248). Frequency of occurence in Caprivi: occasionally in sandy streams, occasionally on rocky streams, frequently in standing deep water (Ref. 037065). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrato | |
|---|---|
| Substrato Rif. | |
| Habitat speciali | |
| Habitat speciali Rif. |
| Fonte Biblio. | |
|---|---|
| Associazioni | |
| Associato a | |
| Osservazioni dell'associazione | |
| Parassitismo |
| Tipo di alimentazione | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo di alimentazione Rif. | |
| Abitudini alimentari | |
| Abitudini alimentari Rif. |
| Estimation method | Campione originale | Popolazione non pescata | Commento | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Dalla composizione della dieta | |||||
| Da singoli alimenti | 3.59 | 0.58 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Fonte Biblio. | |||||