| Main Ref. | Caverivière, A. and G.A.R. Andriamirado, 1997 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Omnivorous leaning towards carnivory, composed of crustaceans, cephalopods, small fish, amphioxus and worms. Hermaphroditic protogynous. Forms groups. Dwells in demersal hard or sandy substrates (Ref. 127989). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Benthic: demersal; Soft Bottom: sand; Hard Bottom; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Golani, D., E. Azurro, J. DulÄić, E. Massutà and L. Orsi-Relini, 2021 |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Caverivière, A. and G.A.R. Andriamirado, 1997 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | 3.99 | 0.51 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||