| 主要參考文獻。 | Randall, J.E., 1985 |
|---|---|
| 附註 | Inhabits clear lagoon and seaward reefs from the lower surge zone to at least 30 meters (Ref. 37816, 48637). Juveniles among rocky boulders, often with long spined urchins, and adults on reef crests and slopes. Males swim about more openly than females that are often in close vicinity to the males (Ref. 48637). Solitary. Feeds on didemnid tunicates, polychaetes, sponges, mollusks, copepods, and algae (Ref. 37816). Sessile-invertebrate feeder (Ref. 57615). Also Ref. 58534. |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| 基板 | Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| 基板參考值 | Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004 |
| 特殊棲息地 | Coral Reefs: reef slope/drop-offs; reef flats; |
| 特殊棲息地 Ref. | Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff, 2006 |
| 參考文獻 | |
|---|---|
| 協會 | |
| 相關聯 | |
| 協會備註 | |
| 寄生 |
| 攝取食物的類型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| 供料類型 Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1985 |
| 攝取食物的習慣 | |
| 餵飼習慣 Ref. |
| Estimation method | 最初的樣本 | 不捕獲族群 | 附註 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| 從食物內容 | 2.91 | 0.14 | |||
| 從個別的食物項目 | 2.71 | 0.00 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| 參考文獻 | Hobson, E.S., 1974 | ||||