| Ref. principal | Coker, G.A., C.B. Portt and C.K. Minns, 2001 |
|---|---|
| Notas | Prefer shallow, brackish waters but also occur in fresh waters (Ref. 36771). Lives over stones; in freshened areas and river mouths (Ref. 2058). Can tolerate a temperature range of 0 to 30°C, but mainly thrive in warm temperate waters (Ref. 36771). Able to tolerate low oxygen content waters for several days (Ref. 36771). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrato | Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | Berg, L.S., 1965 |
| Habitats especiais | |
| Habitats especiais Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | |
| Associada com | |
| Comentários sobre associação | |
| Parasitismo |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Opalatenko, L.K., 1979 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Hábito de alimentação Ref. | Opalatenko, L.K., 1979 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 3.30 | 0.10 | Troph of juv./adults from 3 studies. | ||
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.30 | 0.44 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Kovtun, I.F., M.Y. Nekrasova and N.I. Revina, 1974 | ||||