| Ref. principal | Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983 |
|---|---|
| Notas | Found in intertidal rocky areas among algae, and on kelp (often high in kelp canopy) (Ref. 2850). May remain out of water under rocks or seaweeds (Ref. 31184). Feeds on small crustaceans and mollusks (Ref. 6885). Breathes air when out of water (Ref. 31184). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrato | Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; rock; |
| Habitats especiais Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | |
| Associado a | |
| Observações da associação | |
| Parasitism |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Hart, J.L., 1973 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Hábito alimentar Ref. | Boyle, K.S. and M.H. Horn, 2006 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 3.44 | 0.26 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.55 | 0.50 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Boyle, K.S. and M.H. Horn, 2006 | ||||