| ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງຫຼັກ | Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984 |
|---|---|
| ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ | Found on deeper coral and rocky reefs (Also Ref. 9773). Feeds mainly on hard-shelled prey including crustaceans, molluscs and sea urchins (Also Ref. 9773). Solitary (Ref. 9773). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| ທາດຍ່ອຍ | Benthic; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004 |
| ທີ່ຢູ່ອາໄສພິເສດ | Coral Reefs; |
| ທີ່ຢູ່ອາໄສພິເສດ Ref. | Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004 |
| ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ | Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z.S., 1995 |
|---|---|
| ສະມາຄົມ | solitary; |
| ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງກັບ | |
| ຄໍາເຫັນຂອງສະມາຄົມ | |
| ກາຝາກ |
| ປະເພດການໃຫ້ອາຫານ | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| ປະເພດການໃຫ້ອາຫານ Ref. | Gomon, M.F. and J.E. Randall, 1984 |
| ນິໄສການກິນອາຫານ | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| ນິໄສການໃຫ້ອາຫານ Ref. | Gomon, M.F. and J.E. Randall, 1984 |
| Estimation method | ຕົວຢ່າງຕົ້ນສະບັບ | ປະຊາກອນທີ່ບໍ່ແມ່ນປາ | ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| ຈາກອົງປະກອບຂອງອາຫານ | |||||
| ຈາກລາຍການອາຫານແຕ່ລະອັນ | 3.80 | 0.29 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ | |||||